What is the purpose of a DHCP server?

The primary function of a DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server is to assign IP addresses to devices that connect to a network. When a device, such as a computer, smartphone, or printer, joins the network, it sends a request to the DHCP server for an IP address. The DHCP server maintains a pool of IP addresses and allocates one to the device, allowing it to communicate on the network properly.

This process also includes providing additional network configuration parameters, such as the subnet mask and default gateway, which are essential for the device to function effectively within that network. By automating the assignment of IP addresses, a DHCP server reduces the likelihood of conflicts that could occur if multiple devices were assigned the same address and streamlines the configuration process for network administrators.